With the increasing global energy shortage and climate change problems, renewable energy such as hydropower, wind power, and solar energy has developed rapidly. The growth of low-cost, high-energy-density energy storage technologies is the key to realizing the sustainable growth of renewable energy and promoting the development of power systems such as electric vehicles and power grids.
In 2011, DUDUTA and other institutions proposed a new energy storage concept. Combining the high energy density of rechargeable batteries with the flexible, scalable architecture of fuel cells and flow batteries constitutes a Semi-Solid Flow Battery (SSFB). The solid active material is added to a liquid electrolyte to make a flowable suspension electrode. It can highly improve the energy density and cycle life of flow batteries.
The semi-solid battery is a new type of electrochemical energy storage technology, and its electrode suspension is mainly composed of active materials, conductive additives, and electrolytes. The positive and negative suspensions were put in two tanks. And the suspension is circulated between the battery and the external storage tank through a pump (Figure 1). The semi-solid batteries have gradually expanded from lithium-ion batteries to others such as lithium-sulfur batteries, zinc batteries, air batteries, and organic batteries.
